ZenToks Publication

CHAPTER 7

Functional Role of Pigments in Maintaining the Health of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)

Abstract/Preface

Punica granatum L., commonly known as pomegranate, is a fruit of considerable agronomic and nutritional interest due to its rich phytochemical composition, including high chlorophyll content, as well as its qualities and cultural significance. Chlorophyll concentration in the leaves plays a critical role in maintaining efficient photosynthetic activity, thereby supporting carbohydrate synthesis essential for fruit development. In this study, the influence of pigment content on fruit integrity was investigated by comparing two different varieties — healthy and cracked fruits—of the same cultivar, Bhagwa. Leaf samples were collected during two distinct phenological stages: the early fruit development phase and the harvest stage. Results indicated that during the initial stage, chlorophyll and associated pigment levels were comparable between plants bearing healthy and cracked fruits. However, at the harvest stage, a significant reduction in leaf pigment concentrations, across all solvent extracts, was observed in plants producing cracked fruits compared to those with healthy fruits. These findings suggest a potential link between diminished chlorophyll content and fruit cracking. So, identifying the factors contributing to chlorophyll degradation and implementing timely intervention strategies may be critical in mitigating fruit cracking and enhancing overall fruit quality and yield in pomegranate.